Patches of darker skin from sun, hormones or previous inflammation.
What you may notice
More common in richer skin tones, and in pregnancy
Pigmentation has several causes and they respond to different things. Melasma is hormonally driven, worsens with heat and light as well as UV, and is managed rather than cured — it recurs without daily photoprotection. Post-inflammatory pigmentation fades on its own but faster with treatment. Distinguishing them before treating matters, because aggressive treatment of melasma can make it worse.
Treatments
What each treatment involves, how many sessions it takes, and what the downtime actually is.
A full skin assessment with a consultant dermatologist, and a written plan.
A systematic examination of the whole skin with dermoscopy and mapping.
Removal of lesions under local anaesthetic, with histology on everything taken.
Prescription treatment for acne, eczema, psoriasis, rosacea and hair loss, with review.
Identifying the substance causing a contact dermatitis, which is how it is treated.
Controlled narrowband UVB, given in a cabinet two or three times a week.
Treatment for facial redness, thread veins and the visible vessels of rosacea.
Fractional laser for texture, scarring and sun damage, with real downtime.
A controlled exfoliation for pigmentation, texture and congestion.
Muscle-relaxing and volumising injections, given by a doctor after assessment.
Appointments
Every treatment starts with an assessment by a dermatologist. Bring photographs of anything that comes and goes — it will not be there on the day.